The Machines of Leonardo Da Vinci and Franz Reuleaux

Preface Acknowledgments Part 1: Leonardo da Vinci and Franz Reuleaux: Machine Engineers:Introduction; Modem Applications of Kinematics: Leonardo in your Toothbrush: Kinematic Mechanisms in Daily Life; Deconstructing the Machine: Constructive Elements of Design Leonardo, ’Ingenieur Ordinaire’; Franz Reuleaux ’Father of Kinematics of Machines’; Influence of Leonardo on 19th C. Theory of Machines; Kinematics of Machines: The Geometry of Motion; Visual and Topological Thinking: Reuleaux’s Language of Invention; Part 2: The Evolution of Machines :Evolution of Machines in Ancient Times; Visual Kinematic Perception of Mechanisms Ancient Greek and Roman Machines; Machines in the Bible; Roger Bacon on Marvelous Machines; Scientific and Technical Milieu in the Renaissance Machine Age; Artist-Engineers of the Early Renaissance; Francesco di Giorgio Martini: The Leonardo of Siena; Theatre of Machines Books; Mathematics and the Design of Machines; Imitation or Invention of Machines; The Machine in Art; Art, Engineering and Science; Concepts of Design and Invention by Leonardo and Reuleaux ; Inventors and Engineering Scientists in the 19th Century; The Machine Age in 19th C. Berlin ; Lost Knowledge from the Age of Machines and Mathematical Kinematics; Curves of constant width; Straight-line Mechanisms; Rotary Engines; Prime Mover Machines: Thermodynamics, Kinematics and Materials; Flying Machines; Kinematics of Animal and Human Motion; Leonardo and Reuleaux: A Summary; Part 3: A Comparison of Machines of Leonardo and Reuleaux : Leonardo’ s ’Elementi Macchinali’ and Reuleaux’ s ’Constructive Elements’ A Comparison of Leonardo’ s Drawings of Mechanisms and Reuleaux’ s Kinematic Models; The Four-bar Linkage; The Slider-Crank Mechanism; The Endless Screw or Worm Drive; Belt Drive Mechanism; The Ratchet and Pawl; The Verge Escapement; CamMechanisms; Toothed Wheels and Gears; Water Wheels and Pumps; Reversing or Mangle Mechanism; Friction Wheels; Flywheels and Balance Wheels; The Screw Jack; Coupling Mechanisms; Lazy Tongs Mechanism; Pulleys ; Ball Bearing; Bearing Supports; Wedges and Keys; Springs; Brakes; Part 4:Cited References; Books on the Life of Leonardo da Vinci and as Machine Engineer; Books on the History of Machines in the Industrial Age; Books on the History of the Renaissance in Europe; Books and Articles on Franz Reuleaux and Kinematics Theory of Machines; Books and Articles on Kinematics of Animal and Human Motion; Appendices:I. Summary of ’Theatre of Machines’ Books : A From Vitruvius (c.27 BC) to Diderot (1751): Vitruvius (c. 27 BC); Ibn al-Razzaz al-Jazari (1204); Villard de Honnecourt (c. 1225); Mariano Taccola (1382-1460); F. di Giorgio (1439-1501); Vannoccio Biringucci (1550); Georgius Agricola (1494-1555); Jacque Besson (1540-1576); Agostino Ramelli (1530-1590); Vittorio Zonca (1568-1602); Solomon de Caus (1576-1630); Zeising (1612); Jacob de Strada (1617); G.A. Bockler (1662) ; Jacob Leupold (1724) Denis Diderot (1751).