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A versatile tool for exploring the Earth is remote sensing. Satellite images, also known as remotely sensed images, are the data recorded by sensors from a very small portion of the Earth’s surface. In these images, to capture the spatial and spectral relations of objects and materials perceptible at a distance, different instruments or sensors are used. Satellite images are mainly used in Geographic Information Systems (GIS)[1]. The GIS systems which are used for classification are useful for cartography. The intensity of the pixels in satellite images with low resolution is enough to individually classify each of them. Onthe other hand, image classification for high-resolution images is more difficult, since the level of detail and the heterogeneity of the scenes are raised. The high-resolution images contain much information inside them. A lot of characteristics that are associated with nature may be there, in a satellite image such as color, shape, texture or structure, density [2] etc. The existing GIS extracts information from satellite images by adopting three basic processes. These are: i) identification of the region of interest (RoI), ii) object detection and iii) image segmentation [1]. The method of identifying RoI may be manual or automatic [3]. Similarly, classification systems use the basic recognition methods for low and high- resolution images. These systems give satisfactory results for low-resolution images, but with new high-resolution images, these same basic methods cannot provide satisfactory results. Now a days, to improve classification accuracy, scientists and researchers have made much effort towards the development of advanced classification approaches and techniques.
