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Importância e espectro de virulência da ferrugem do caule do trigo (P. graminis)

Importância e espectro de virulência da ferrugem do caule do trigo (P. graminis)

Abiyot Lemma

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Editorial:
KS OmniScriptum Publishing
Año de edición:
2025
Materia
Botánica y ciencias de las plantas
ISBN:
9786209266430
59,14 €
IVA incluido
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Dos 77 campos de trigo avaliados ao longo de cinco rotas de Showa Oriental, na Etiópia Central, 30 (38,9%) dos campos foram afetados pela ferrugem do caule. O estudo da variabilidade do P.graminis f. sp. tritici resultou na identificação de 16 raças, incluindo a raça mais prevalente, SRKSF, com uma frequência de 14,3%, e as raças mais virulentas, TTKSK e TTTTF, com frequências de 7,1% e 3,6%, respetivamente. O hospedeiro diferencial portador de Sr24 foi eficaz para todas, enquanto o gene Sr36 foi resistente a 85,7% das raças identificadas. Em contrapartida, os hospedeiros diferenciais portadores de SrMcN, Sr9g e Sr11 foram ineficazes para 100%, 82,1% e 82,1% das raças identificadas, respetivamente. Além disso, dez variedades de trigo duro avaliadas na fase de crescimento da planta adulta para a população de ferrugem do caule de Debrezeit apresentaram gravidades de 20S na variedade Geredo a 70S na variedade Foka, enquanto em Ambo apenas a verificação suscetível, Marrocos, foi infetada até 20S. Na fase de plântula, 60% das variedades testadas com o isolado virulento de ferrugem do caule de Debrezeit exibiram resistência, enquanto todas as variedades foram resistentes ao isolado de Ambo. Os resultados indicaram que a ferrugem do caule de Debrezeit era virulenta para as variedades de trigo duro.

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