Human Retrovirus Protocols

Part I. Methods for Virus Isolation and Detection Enhanced Culture Assay for Detection and Quantitation of Latently Infected, Resting CD4+ T-Cells Carrying Replication-Competent Virus in HIV-1-Infected Individuals Janet D. Siliciano and Robert F. Siliciano Isolation, Propagation, and Titration of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 From Peripheral Blood of Infected Individuals Hanneke Schuitemaker and Neeltje A. Kootstra Isolation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 From Peripheral Blood Monocytes Paul R. Gorry, Secondo Sonza, Katherine Kedzierska, and Suzanne M. Crowe Isolation, Propagation, and HIV-1 Infection of Monocyte-Derived Macrophages and Recovery of Virus From Brain and Cerebrospinal Fluid Santhi Gorantla, Myhanh Che, and Howard E. Gendelman Isolation and HIV-1 Infection of Primary Human Microglia From Fetal and Adult Tissue Kathleen Borgmann, Howard E. Gendelman, and Anuja Ghorpade Isolation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 From Semen and Vaginal Fluids Ann A. Kiessling Isolation and Quantification of HIV From Lymph Nodes Catherine Tamalet Isolation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 Biological Clones From Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Hetty Blaak Isolation and Confirmation of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 2 From Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Michael D. Lairmore and Andy Montgomery Isolation of Foamy Viruses From Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Joëlle Tobaly-Tapiero, Patricia Bittoun, and Ali Saïb Alu-LTR Real-Time Nested PCR Assay for Quantifying Integrated HIV-1 DNA Audrey Brussel, Olivier Delelis, and Pierre Sonigo Quantification of HFV-Integrated DNA in Human Cells by Alu-LTR Real-Time PCR Olivier Delelis, Audrey Brussel, and Pierre Sonigo Detection of HIV-1 Provirus and RNA by In Situ Amplification Alcina Nicol and Gerard J.Nuovo Detection of HTLV-1 Gene on Cytologic Smear Slides Kenji Kashima, Tsutomu Daa, and Shigeo Yokoyama Detection of HIV-2 by PCR Feng Gao Quantitation of HIV-1 Viral RNA in Blood Plasma and Genital Secretions Susan A. Fiscus Quantification of Proviral DNA Load of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 Subtypes A and B Using Real-Time PCR Marie Gueudin, Florence Damond, and François Simon Plasma RNA Viral Load in HIV-1 Group O Infection by Real-Time PCR Marie Gueudin and François Simon A New Combined HIV p24 Antigen and Anti-HIV-1/2/O Screening Assay Susanne Polywka, Hedwig Duttmann, Frank Lübben, Rainer Laufs, and Jürgen Feldner A New Automated Fourth-Generation HIV Screening Assay With Sensitive Antigen Detection Module and High Specificity Bernard Weber Detection of Antiviral Antibodies Using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Ingrid G. Winkler Plaque-Reduction Assays for Human and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Neutralization Anna Nordqvist and Eva Maria Fenyö Detection of Drug-Resistant HIV-1 Strains Ann A. Kiessling, S. J. Eyre, and B. D. Desmarais Part II. Molecular Biology Methods Determination of Cell Tropism of HIV-1 Neeltje A. Kootstra and Hanneke Schuitemaker Determination of Co-Receptor Usage of HIV-1 Hanneke Schuitemaker and Neeltje A. Kootstra Quantitative Evaluation of HIV and SIV Co-Receptor Use With GHOST(3) Cell Assay Dalma Vödrös and Eva Maria Fenyö Phenotypic Characterization of Blood Monocytes From HIV-Infected Individuals Philip J. Ellery and Suzanne M. Crowe Methods to Determine HIV-1 Ex Vivo Fitness Awet Abraha, Ryan M. Troyer, Miguel E. Quiñones-Mateu, and Eric J. Arts A Yeast Recombination-Based Cloning System to Produce Chimeric HIV-1 Viruses and Express HIV-1 Genes Dawn