Changing Forests

1. Introduction.- Forest Change and the Challenge of Sustainable Management.- Political Ecology, Collective Action, and Common-Pool Resources.- Situating the Study Site.- Conceptualizing Community.- Overview of the Book.- 2. People and Forests in Historical Perspective.- People and Forests in Prehistoric Mesoamerica.- The Spanish Conquest.- Land Rights, Population, and Implications for the Forests.- Community Governance and Communal Land: The Roots of a Communitarian Tradition.- La Campa Becomes a Municipio.- Rituals, Beliefs, and Natural Resources among the Lenca.- Synthesis.- 3. Governing the Commons and Making a Living.- La Campa’s Common-Property Regime in Theoretical Context.- Municipal Government and the Communitarian Tradition.- The Forest-Field-Fallow Cycle.- Livelihoods and Risk-Reduction Strategies.- Forest Management Practices and Institutions.- The Question of Conservation.- 4. Logging Comes to La Campa: State Intervention, Forest Transformation, and Collective Action.- Development Goals Prompt Timber Sales.- Honduras Nationalizes the Forestry Sector.- Social Forestry System Offers Alternatives for La Campa.- Theory vs. Reality in Forest Management Philosophy and Outcomes.- The State or the Community: Who should manage the forest?- The Exacerbation of Tensions: Fines, Fires, and Broken Bridges.- Assessing State Intervention and the Mixed Success of Collective Action.- Forest Destruction and the Birth of a Conservation Ethic.- 5. Common-Property Transformations and Market Integration.- Forest Protection Efforts and De Facto Privatization of Common-Property Forests.- The Promise of Coffee.- Political and Economic Incentives for Coffee Expansion.- Land Titling under the National Agrarian Institute.- Coffee and Inequality.- Forest-Change Dynamics.- 6. Coffee Culture, Crisis, and Adaptation.- Global and Local Dimensions of the CoffeeCrisis, 1999 - 2003.- Hardship and Resilience in the Coffee Crisis.- Adaptations to the Coffee Crisis.- Case Studies of Household Adaptive Strategies.- Dimensions of Resilience and Adaptive Capacity during the Coffee Crisis.- Implications for Forest Transformations.- Development and Social Change with Respect to the Coffee Crisis.- 7. Changing Lives, Changing Forests: Many Ways to Build a Future?- Trends in Local Change.- Collective Action for Development and Natural Resource Protection.- La Campa as a Dynamic Social-Ecological System.- Dynamic Change, Forest Conservation, and Paths to a Sustainable Future.- Summary.