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Alcalóides

Alcalóides

Mona El-Banna

74,57 €
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Editorial:
KS OmniScriptum Publishing
Año de edición:
2025
Materia
Biologia, ciencias de la vida
ISBN:
9786208922863
74,57 €
IVA incluido
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Sobre IBD

Em química, os alcalóides são compostos orgânicos naturais com azoto que contêm um heteroátomo de azoto na sua estrutura, sendo o átomo de azoto responsável pela alcalinidade dos alcalóides. Nos alcalóides, o átomo de azoto está geralmente situado no sistema de anéis, por exemplo: Alcalóides de indole, alcalóides de quinolina. Na natureza, os alcalóides são produzidos por uma grande variedade de organismos, incluindo plantas, bactérias, animais e fungos. Já foram descritos mais de 12.000 alcalóides. Com base na estrutura, os alcalóides podem ser divididos em subclasses como os indóis, as quinolinas, as iso-quinolinas, os esteróides e os alcalóides terpenóides. Os alcalóides são classificados principalmente em duas classes principais - com base na origem e presença do átomo de azoto e com base na estrutura do anel. Os alcalóides desempenham um papel significativo na vida humana diária, estando presentes em alimentos, bebidas, medicamentos, estimulantes, narcóticos e insecticidas, e influenciando uma vasta gama de actividades fisiológicas. Mesmo em doses mínimas, os alcalóides podem exercer efeitos biológicos potentes nos sistemas humano e animal.

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