Tribology in Sheet Rolling Technology

1. Fundamental of Tribology1.1 Friction1.1.1 Friction in history1.1.2 Contact model between surfaces with surface roughness1.1.3 Junction growth and real contact area1.1.4 Effect of surface film1.1.5 Plowing term in friction1.2 Lubrication1.2.1 Lubrication in history1.2.2 Stribeck curve1.2.3 Hydrodynamic lubrication1.2.3.1 Reynolds equation1.2.3.2 Plane bearing1.2.3.3 Journal bearing1.2.3.4 Rolling bearing1.2.3.5 Pressure distribution of journal and rolling bearings1.2.3.6 Elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication (EHL)1.2.3.7 Effect of viscosity of lubricant1.2.3.8 Elastic deformation1.2.4 Boundary lubrication1.2.4.1 Boundary lubrication model1.2.4.2 Boundary film1.2.5 Mixed lubrication1.3 Wear1.3.1 Adhesive wear1.3.2 Abrasive wearReferences2. Tribology in metalforming2.1 Characteristics of tribology in metalforming2.1.1 Lubrication regime2.1.2 Contact pressure2.1.3 Interfacial temperature2.1.4 Sliding speed2.1.5 Introducing and entrapping lubricant2.1.6 Virgin surface2.2 Micro-contact between tool and workpiece2.2.1 Hydrostatic pressure2.2.2 Entrapped lubricant in upsetting 2.2.3 Roughening of lubricated surface by thick film2.2.4 Free surface roughening2.2.5 Asperity deformation in upsetting test and indentation test2.2.5.1 Dry condition2.2.5.2 Lubricated condition2.2.6 Micro-plasto-hydrodynamic lubrication (Micro-PHL)2.2.7 Asperity deformation in sheet metal forming2.2.8 Oil pocket behavior on edge surface of cylinder billet in upsetting process2.3 Lubrication mechanism and frictional stress2.3.1 Lubrication mechanism2.3.2 Friction stress2.3.2.1 Plasto-hydrodynamic lubrication2.3.2.2 Boundary lubrication2.3.2.3 Micro-hydrodynamic lubrication2.3.2.4 Mixed lubrication2.4 Lubrication mechanism and surface appearance of workpiece2.4.1 Plasto-hydrodynamic lubrication2.4.2 Boundary lubrication2.4.3 Micro-plasto-hydrodynamic lubrication2.4.4 Mixed lubrication2.5 Oil film thickness at interface between and workpiece2.5.1 Oil film thickness in steady state metalforming process2.5.1.1 Constant viscosity2.5.1.2 Viscosity depending on pressure2.5.1.3 Viscosity depending on pressure and temperature 2.5.2 Oil film thickness in unsteady state metalforming process2.5.2.1 Upsetting at high compression speed2.5.2.2 Upsetting at low compression speed2.6 Interfacial temperature between tool and workpiece2.6.1 Interfacial temperature rise by friction energy2.6.2 Interfacial temperature rise by shear energy in hydrodynamic lubrication2.6.3 Comparison of results calculated with results measured by experiments in sheet drawing2.7 Seizure2.7.1 Seizure in machine element2.7.2 Seizure in metalforming2.8 Tribo-simulation in metalforming2.8.1 Relationship between tribological conditions and tribological results2.8.2 Tribo-simulatorReferences3. Fundamental of Rolling3.1 Mechanics of rolling3.2 Rolling theory3.2.1 Two dimensional homogenous theory for rolling3.2.2 Two dimensional in-homogenous theory for rolling3.3 Flow stress for rolling theory3.3.1 Flow stress in cold sheet rolling3.3.2 Flow stress in hot sheet rolling 3.4 Coefficient of friction for rolling theory3.5 Simulation test for coefficient of frictionReferences4. Tribology in Cold Sheet Rolling4.1 Coefficient of fricition4.1.1 Coefficient of friction in history4.1.2 Dependence of coefficient of friction from rolling theory4.1.2.1 Coefficient of friction in neat oils4.1.2.2 Coefficient of friction in emulsion oil4.1.3 Coefficient of friction measured by sliding-rolling type tribo-simulator 4.1.3.1 Evaluatio