PHILOSOPHICAL AND SCIENTIFIC TRADITION OF MUSLIM THINKERS

Religion by its metaphysical nature makes it often difficult for rational argumentation and philosophical discussion. However, it is also true that philosophical issues are so complex that when we begin to examine any one of them, we often find it is nearly impossible to come to a settled conclusion. History of world philosophy reveals that many philosophers have also been believers in religions, and many believers have been philosophers. Though, religion as a revealer of a faith has often been hard to criticize, in Islamic world many Muslim thinkers have emphasized the need of an intellectual interpretation of their religion, conceiving that reason and faith can be on the same page. The Philosophical and Scientific Tradition of Muslim Thinkers is a work of philosophical cognition and scientific tradition of many great Muslim thinkers who believed that religious judgments are directed towards the same world that both science and philosophy investigate. Thus, many issues and theoretical problems which arose to understand the Qur’an and Islamic practice, were debated by the early Muslim scholars. Many great Muslim thinkers appeared from the early ninth century onwards putting forward philosophical ideas and scientific inventions of great historical importance.My book displays that the source of the ’Stream of Knowledge’ flowing in the Western Civilization is the ’Lake of Muslim Knowledge,’ which is though not being considered by many, is still flowing from its original source as today’s IT and AI are indebted to the great Muslim mathematician of 13th-century Muhammad al-Khwarizmi’s algorithm-originally known as al-khwarithms. Ibn Rushud’s commentaries revived Aristotelianism in Europe while his rational and scientific discourses served as a foundation for theoretical openness, political freedom, and religious toleration in Western thought. Ibn al-Haytham, a mathematician and astronomer, refined theory of optics, refraction of light, and human sight, which became basis for telescope, camera, and television screen. The readers will find many thinkers and scientists in my book who laid the foundation of modern science and sociopolitical philosophies.