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In October 1973, the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) curtailed oil production and embargoed oil shipments to those countries they perceived as sympathetic to Israel-the United States, Western Europe and Japan. In order to regain the needed oil, the OAPEC demanded a cessation of aid and support to Israel and a more active backing of the Arab cause. By the time the political crisis had subsided, the majority of the industrialized countries had not only censured Israel, but were actively courting the Arab countries to insure security of their future oil supplies. This was not the first time oil producers had attempted to use oil as a political or strategic weapon. Since the end of World War II, there have been at least three previous, albeit unsuccessful, efforts to influence other countries or multi-national companies using either the threat or the actual withholding of oil. This thesis examines the oil crises situations of Iran in 1951, the Suez Canal in 1956, and the embargo of 1967, in addition to the more recent oil crisis of 1973.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
