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Throughout the development of mathematical programming researchers have paid great attention to problems that are described by a single objective that can only be achieved subject to satisfying a set of restrictions or constraints. Recently, it has been recognized that the use of a single objective limits the applicability of In reality, many multiobjective mathematical programming models. situations exist and frequently these mUltiple objectives are in direct conflict. Research on multiobjective problems can be broken down into two broad categories: multiobjective optimization and multicriterion decision theory. Multiobjective optimization models are based on techniques such as linear programming. In general, the multiobjective optimization problem can be defined as finding a feasible alternative that yields the most preferred set of values for the objective functions. This problem differs from a single objective because subjective methods are required to determine which alternative is most preferred. A body of literature parallel to that m multiobjective optimization has been developing in the area of multicriterion decision theory. These models are based on classical decision analysis, particularly utility theory. One focus of this research has been the development and testing of procedures for estimating multiattribute utility functions that are consistent with rational decision maker behavior. A utility function provides a model of a decision maker’s choice among alternatives. This literature is directly xii MULTIOBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION applicable to multiobjective optimization and provides much needed insight into the subjective character of that problem.
