La cabaña del tío Tom

La cabaña del tío Tom

Harriet Beecher Stowe

20,28 €
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Editorial:
Ediciones 19
Año de edición:
2022
Materia
Política y gobierno
ISBN:
9788419159090
20,28 €
IVA incluido
Disponible

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Un día de 1862, en plena Guerra de Secesión, la escritora Harriet Beecher Stowe, que apenas medía un metro y medio, fue presentada al presidente Abraham Lincoln: «¡Vaya!: usted es la pequeña mujer que escribió el libro que provocó esta gran guerra». Años más tarde, Lincoln afirmó que La cabaña del tío Tom y su autora habían ganado la guerra. Quizás, en su literalidad, hay alguna exageración, pero, sin duda, la novela fue una de las fuerzas profundas que movió y removió las conciencias para terminar con la esclavitud en el mundo occidental. La obra, que se había publicado durante meses por entregas en el National Era, se editó como libro en 1852. En pocos días se agotó la primera edición y en pocos meses se vendieron 350.000 ejemplares y se tradujo a los principales idiomas. Wenceslao Ayguals de Izco (con el título La choza de Tom. O sea vida de los negros en el Sur de los Estados Unidos), la tradujo y editó al español en el mismo año que en EE.UU (1852) a la que siguieron en este idioma otras 21 ediciones (worldcat) en el siglo XIX, que se sumaron a las cerca de 1500 en todos los idiomas en dicha centuria. Más significativo fue que se publicaron cerca de mil ediciones en inglés entre 1852 y 1865 (año del final de la Guerra Civil). Para entonces se habían vendido millones de ejemplares. De hecho, fue el segundo libro más vendido en el siglo XIX, después de la Biblia. Inicialmente la novela fue la respuesta a uno de los artículos de la Fugitive Slave Law, de 1850, por el que se prohibía que los ciudadanos de cualquier estado ayudasen a los esclavos fugados de los estados esclavistas. Stowe nos explicó que su primera intención fue mostrar la esclavitud tal y como era en Norteamérica en los años anteriores a la Guerra Civil, con todos sus matices (negativos y positivos)respetando la fidelidad a los hechos. Pero Uncle Tom’s Cabin fue mucho más allá al explorar la naturaleza humana y al calar en millones y millones de personas, hasta hacer insoportable la práctica de la esclavitud. 10

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