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Geography is a multidisciplinary subject, and is gaining much importance. Geography ha:become an extremely varied, versatile and high empirical discipline, and its area of study hasgrown a great deal since its inception. Harvey (1969) opines that geography is concerned withthe description and explanation of the areal differentiation on the earth’s surface Growinghuman population is responsible for increasing demand for resources. The available resourcesare scarce in nature, on the one hand, and the population is growing rapidly on the other.Hence, it is the need of the hour to adopt the optimum utilization concept for effectiveconservation and management of resources.Fish has become an important source of food for many centuries. Even today it is also theprime source of food substances in many coastal countries in the world. Earlier fish capturingwas practiced by man with traditional methods. Today, the modern means of technology areat man’s disposal. As a result, modernization has been adopted along with traditionalmethods. Mechanization is adopted only in marine fishing, and traditional methods arepracticed not only in aquaculture but also in marine fishing activities. The high levelmechanization is found in the technically advanced countries and viceversa.Fishing is one of the extractive occupations of man. It is older than agriculture. Fish providesthe easiest available food for man. However, fishing is unusually difficult and does not providelively hood for many people. It hardly absorbs less than 2 percent of the worlds labour force.Fish provides an inexhaustible source of food supply due to its incredible capacity formultiplying. Thus, marine life has to play an important role as a domestic food of man kind infuture, whatever the pressure of population. This book is the net outcome of research workPh.D. thesis submitted to Karnataka University Dharwad. Hope this book would be useful tothestudents community at UG and PG level of all disciplinesand publicin general.
