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Evoluzione della radiazione di sincrotrone e sua importanza

Evoluzione della radiazione di sincrotrone e sua importanza

Fouad Soliman / Hoda Ashry

61,61 €
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Editorial:
KS OmniScriptum Publishing
Año de edición:
2024
Materia
Tecnología: cuestiones generales
ISBN:
9786207680573
61,61 €
IVA incluido
Disponible

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La radiazione di sincrotrone è la radiazione elettromagnetica emessa quando le particelle cariche sono accelerate radialmente, cioè quando sono soggette a un’accelerazione perpendicolare alla loro velocità (a⊥v). Viene prodotta, ad esempio, nei sincrotroni utilizzando magneti di curvatura, ondulatori e/o wigglers. Se la particella non è relativistica, l’emissione è detta ciclotronica. Se invece le particelle sono relativistiche, talvolta definite ultra relativistiche, l’emissione è detta di sincrotrone. La radiazione di sincrotrone può essere ottenuta artificialmente in sincrotroni o anelli di accumulazione, oppure naturalmente da elettroni veloci che si muovono attraverso campi magnetici. La radiazione prodotta in questo modo ha una polarizzazione caratteristica e le frequenze generate possono spaziare sull’intero spettro elettromagnetico, chiamato anche radiazione continua. La radiazione di sincrotrone prende il nome dalla sua scoperta a Schenectady, New York, da un acceleratore di sincrotrone della General Electric costruito nel 1946 e annunciata nel maggio 1947 da Frank Elder, Anatole Gurewitsch, Robert Langmuir e Herb Pollock in una lettera intitolata 'Radiation from Electrons in a Synchrotron'.

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