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Discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes

Discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

10,52 €
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Editorial:
Prodinnova
Año de edición:
2019
Materia
Ética y filosofía moral
ISBN:
9782917260876
10,52 €
IVA incluido
Disponible

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Cet essai philosophique fut commencé en 1753 et publié en 1755, en réponse à un sujet de l’Académie de Dijon intitulé : « Quelle est l’origine de l’inégalité des conditions parmi les hommes ? »Sa participation au concours est dans la continuité du Discours sur les sciences et les arts pour lequel il avait déjà été primé en 1750 par cette même académie, mais cette fois-ci, il fut autrement critiqué… Notamment par Voltaire dans une lettre datée du 30 août 1755 dans laquelle il écrit : « J’ai reçu, Monsieur, votre nouveau livre contre le genre humain […] On n’a jamais employé tant d’esprit à vouloir nous rendre bêtes, il prend envie de marcher à quatre pattes quand on lit votre ouvrage. » C’était précisément ne pas comprendre l’entreprise de Rousseau, et le statut nouveau qu’une telle entreprise fait porter à la fiction théorique d’un « état de nature », dont la vocation est de permettre la critique sociale en séparant la question de l’origine (en fait) de l’inégalité de celle de son fondement ou plus précisément de son absence de fondement (en droit), tout en ouvrant l’espace d’une distinction explorée plus tard dans le Contrat social entre réalité du pouvoir et autorité légitime.Ce discours a valu à Rousseau une condamnation religieuse de l’Église catholique, qui lui reprochait de nier le péché originel et d’adhérer au pélagianisme.

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