Aishwarya Shekapure / Kishori Jaytalkar / Sneha Puri
Librería Samer Atenea
Kálamo Books
Librería Elías (Asturias)
Librería Kolima (Madrid)
Librería Proteo (Málaga)
This systematic review compared manual and electronic periodontal probing methods for measuring probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). Both methods were clinically reliable, but electronic probes showed greater consistency and reduced operator variability due to controlled probing force. Electronic systems improve standardization and reproducibility, while manual probes remain widely used in routine periodontal assessment.