Altered Sensations

Introduction Workshops in the history of scienceShowroom: The business of instrument makingLaboratory: Instrument making and experimentationLife as an instrument makerSound in historyChapter 1 - Training Journey to Paris Vuillaume’s violin workshop - 1851-1858 From violins to tuning forks The scientific instrument trade in Paris Chapter 2 - Hermann von Helmholtz and the Sensations of Tone Hermann von Helmholtz Physical acoustics - theory and instruments (tuning forks, tonometer, double siren) Instruments as agents of changeExperimental results Physiological acoustics - the piano as a model for the inner ear Psychological acoustics - resonators as aids for hearing simple tones The first sound synthesizer A theory of harmony and musicChapter 3 - Transformations in the workshop Inside Parisian workshopsThe phonautograph and the origins of graphical acousticsPrecision and graphical acoustics The 'Plaque tournante'at Rue Hautefeuille: Transforming Helmholtz’s acoustics Demonstrating Helmholtz: Adam Politzer and Koenig at the Académie des Sciences Manometric flame capsule and optical acousticsChapter 4 - The market and its influences The first year of business - from the workshop to the classroom 1862 London Exhibition Selling Helmholtz’s instruments Function replaces beauty: 1867 Exposition in Paris.Americans at the Fair. William B. Rogers, Alexander Graham Bell and MIT The Parisian science monopoly and a Portuguese customerChapter 5 - Constructing a reputation, 1866-1879Measuring the velocity of sound in the sewers of Paris Creating vowel sounds out of wood, brass and steel Seeing a voice: manometric vowel studies Extending the tonometer one file mark at a timeChoosing the right steelBringing the workshop into combination-tone studiesPrecision and livelihood under attack: the Koenig clock forkChapter 6 - Expanding the North American Market, 1871-1882. Recovery from the turmoil of 1870-71 Third catalogue, 1873 Joseph Henry and the Smithsonian Institution Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia, 1876 James Loudon and the University of Toronto 'Cette ville de malheur'Public lectures at TorontoChapter 7 - The Faraday of sound Life at Quai d’Anjou: 1882-1901 The combination-tone controversy in England Workshop as theatre Heidelberg 1889: the German response The dispute over timbreWave sirensBack to vibrationsUltrasonics and le domaine de la fantaisieConclusion - Beyond SensationsAppendix 1. Key dates in Rudolph Koenig’s life.Catalogue RaisonnéI. The principal means for producing soundII. Cause and nature of soundIII. Pitch of soundsIV. Timbre of soundV. Propagation of soundVI. Simple vibrations of the different bodiesVII. Communications of vibrations - Vibrations of simple bodies - Compound vibrations in simple bodiesVIII. Phenomena due to the coexistance of two or more sounds in airIX. Methods for studying sonorous vibrations without assistance of the earX. Apparatus for the mechanical representation of vibrations and wave movementsXI. Acoustic apparatus for practical useNotesReferences