LIBROS DEL AUTOR: anisha m fernandes

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  • SMEAR LAYER
    ANISHA M. FERNANDES
    The smear layer is a thin, amorphous layer of debris composed of dentin collagen, hydroxyapatite crystals, and microbial remnants that forms on tooth surfaces during cavity preparation with rotary instruments. It typically obstructs dentinal tubules (1-5 μm deep) and reduces dentin permeability by 86%, acting as both a mechanical barrier and potential substrate for bacterial gr...
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